colluli potash project in eritrea 2022

(2) live portfolios for both capital appreciation and income generation. A United Nations report published in 2019suggested that Colluli could significantly boost the economy of Eritrea. The Colluli project lies in an area that saw detailed geological and geochemical work by USAID and US Geological Survey with the Eritrean Ministry of Mines and Energy. The agreement encourages the maximisation of netback pricing of SOP produced in the Colluli, which will become the first Africa-based fertiliser provider in the supply chain of EuroChem. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). Reverso Context-: Danakali reports that the Colluli Mining Share Company (CMSC) has appointed RA International Group as its preferred contractor for the supply of accommodation, support services and other infrastructure buildings in support of the Colluli sulphate of potash project development, in Eritrea. Annual output The country only has one preferential trade agreement in force (with Italy) and is not a member of the World Trade Organisation. 1. 11). Profit was boosted by higher metal grades and prices. function GTranslateGetCurrentLang() {var keyValue = document['cookie'].match('(^|;) ?googtrans=([^;]*)(;|$)');return keyValue ? If you have an ad-blocker enabled you may be blocked from proceeding. I focus on identifying high-quality deep values in the natural resources sector and undervalued wide-moat businesses, an investment approach that has proven to be extremely rewarding over the years. Last Updated on: 01 December 2022. The project is the only known source of potash that allows extraction of the fertilizer in solid form. In 1993, after a brutal war of independence from Ethiopia lasting almost three decades and led by Isaias Afwerki Eritrea became a sovereign country. 2023 Glacier Media Group, All Rights Reserved, Botswana mining growth seen flat amid dim diamond outlook, Harmony Gold CEO says gold sector consolidation inevitable, Quest for worlds biggest diamonds gives De Beers a headache, Mali forecasts 3.5% decline in industrial gold output in 2023, Canada injects $75 million into BHPs Jansen potash mine, Russia raises fertilizer export quota by 500,000 tonnes, World to face potash price crunchas Brazil Potash propels Autazes project toward production, Europes largest rare earths deposit found in Sweden. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. Best. Colluli is a major sulphate of potash (SOP) project located in Eritrea, Eastern Africa. Fig. As inflation falls, what can be expected from the Bank of England in the months to come? The front-end engineering design (FEED), expected to be Sign up HERE today to benefit from Laurentian Research's in-depth research and the TNRH platform right away! As a tier-1 potash deposit with a number of unique advantages to its favor, the fully-permitted Colluli carries little underground geological risk. For the area a high-temperature geothermal reservoir was identified in Alid with estimates of a potential heat of 250 to 300 degrees Celsius. The project will be developed in multi-modules, with Module I serving as a platform for future growth. This geographical advantaged is unique. The production of other agricultural and salt products, including Rock Salt, Kieserite, Gypsum and Magnesium Chloride, is also possible from the Colluli resource. Colluli is located in the Danakil Depression . Additional details about the agreement are available in the following announcement >>. The Colluli potash mine is estimated to hold 1.1 billion tonnes of SOP ore reserves grading 10.5% potassium oxide (K2O). The three key objectives set for the second phase of development included updating the capital estimate, project schedule and identifying key test work required to move into Phase 3. The Colluli resource contains kainitite, sylvinite and carnallitite ores. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). Reminders. Simplified process flow for the production of SOP from the Colluli resource, from this source. produce more than 472,000 tonnes a year of Sulphate of Potash. However, the country is home to one of the world's biggest potash deposits which straddles the border with Ethiopia. The border lands mostly arable are unusable for farming purposes, because of unexploded land mines left over from the war of independence. Shallowest known evaporite deposit globally. The project has the worlds largest JORC compliant reserve at 1.1 billion tonnes. It is estimated to have about 80,000 archaeological sites. "A lot of the troops that he had under his command all of whom were volunteers, all of whom were guerrilla fighters had been fighting, some of them, for 10, 15 years without pay. The country also has 486,200 refugees, including 123,413 living in Sudan, 172,750 in Ethiopia and 18,976 in Egypt. Disclosure: I am/we are long SBMSF, CMP. Colluli is located in the Danakil Depression region of Eritrea and is approximately 230km by road southeast of the port of Massawa, which is Eritreas key import/export facility. Colluli is located in the Danakil Depression region of Eritrea and is approximately 230km by road southeast of the port of Massawa, which is Eritreas key import/export facility. Potash is the common term for fertiliser forms of the element potassium (K). The Eritrean government, through ENAMCO, has a 50% interest in the Colluli project. Danakali has a 50% interest in a JV with the Eritrean National Mining Corporation (or ENAMCO), which operates the Colluli project. (. Unlike other potash producing basins of the world, the Danakil region contains a variety of potassium-bearing salts, enabling the opportunity to generate a range of potash fertilizers. It has industry-leading capital intensity, forecast first quartile operating costs, and highly attractive economic returns. Development is already underway with expected production in 2022. By downloading this Whitepaper, you acknowledge that we may share your information with our white paper partners/sponsors who may contact you directly with information on their products and services. Image courtesy of Danakali. Has access to the Ethiopian side of the deposit been guaranteed? ColluliMining Share company (CMSC,) a 50:50 Joint Venture between Danakali Limited (DNK) and Eritrean National Mining Corporation (ENAMCO) Codes: ASX: DNK, SO3-FRA, SO3-BER. However, in July 2018, a peace agreement was finally reached between Afwerki and Ethiopias Prime Minister, Abiy Ahmed. You are talking about the garbage written by Plaut ? DANAKALI Ltd., Eritrea - Colluli Potash Project | Aktienforum | Aktien Forum | Diskussionsboard | Community von finanzen.net Potassium bearing minerals are typically found in areas where ancient inland seas have evaporated leaving behind their minerals. It also provides off-takers with additional confidence on Project certainty and fundability, supporting the finalisation of binding bankable offtake agreements. Click HERE for a free trial now. 1). could rise to almost 944,000 tonnes if Danakali decides to go ahead with a Afwerki has become close to Abiy and is a sworn enemy of the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front, which ruled Ethiopia when the two countries fought a border war. But when [Afwerki] discovers that his authority is being questioned after independence, he begins reacting in the same way. products, such as Sulphate of PotashMagnesium (SOP-M), muriate of potash They have significant experience in executing projects of the scale and quality required for the Colluli project. In turn the well-defined geological features support our ability to maximise the potential from this the multi salt deposit. Masdar City Free Zone, in the United Arab Emirates capital, offers a hassle-free environment in which companies can operate. growth and decent work, industry, innovation and infrastructure, reduced Das wrde mich fr Eritrea sehr freuen und hoffe das es den Menschen dort zugute kommt.Ich liebe dieses Land zumal meine Tochter einen eritreischen Vater hat.. The resource contains 303Mt @ 11% K2 0 of Measured Resource, 951Mt @ 11% K2 0 of Indicated Resource and 35Mt @ 10% K20 of Inferred Resource. The independent study, commissioned and funded by the UN Development Program (UNDP), assesses a wide range of econometric data and includes . February 25, 2022. advance its sustainable development agenda, which are 13 priority Sustainable It also has access to solar, wind and geothermal energy systems the East African rift. Looking for a helping hand in the market? and then onto production in 2022, Danakali said. He covered foreign investment in Latin America for 13 years and for the past three years has lived in sub-Saharan Africa and written widely about the subject from that continent's perspective. .goog-text-highlight {background-color:transparent !important;box-shadow:none !important;} US Level 1 ADR . countries-EritreaReverso Context-: Only four out of now 55 countries-Eritrea, Swaziland, Libya and Somalia-lack a multi-party constitution, and the last two will get one soon. Fig. As a natural resources industry expert with years of successful investing experience, I conduct in-depth research to generate alpha-rich, low-risk ideas for the member of The Natural Resources Hub (TNRH). And how is that relevant here, the government has not changed since Dankalis involvement so it was certainly a government worth doing business with at some time. If you continue using our website, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on this website. It has been a Unesco World Heritage Site since 2017. A United Nations report published in 2019suggested that Colluli could significantly boost the economy of Eritrea. The Colluli potash project is considered one of the worlds most significant and lowest-cost sources of sulphate of potash (SOP), a premium grade fertilizer. Danakali (DNK) - Technical Analysis. There is also potential for kieserite and mag chloride to be commercialized with minimal further processing required. Therefore, a wide moat that's rarely seen in miners of other commodities can be found among potash miners, such as Nutrien Ltd (NTR), as discussed by fellow Seeking Alpha authors. 3. Thank you for your comment. Eritrea's north-eastern and eastern parts have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea, strategically located along the Maritime Silk Road. The owner and developer of the project is the Colluli Mining Share Company (CMSC), a 50:50 joint-venture between Danakali and the Eritrean National Mining Company (ENAMCO). Colluli, a 50:50 joint venture between Danakali and the Eritrean National Mining Corporation (ENAMCO), has been called a game-changer for Eritreas economy, as it is expected to become one of the worlds most significant and lowest-cost sources of sulphate of potash (SOP), a premium grade fertilizer. Across the country, an estimated two-thirds of households are impacted by food insecurity. In 2023, Botswana expects diamond output to decline by 1%. RA, listed . Is this happening to you frequently? It is generally used in combination with the other two macro-nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus, to produce a range of fertilisers, the type used being dependent on the soil to which it will be applied. With mineralisation commencing at just 16m, the Colluli resource is the shallowest known evaporite deposit globally and is amenable to open-cut mining. Gensource Potash : Strategic Business Relationship and Project Update, Analysts Are Bullish on Top Materials Stocks: Albemarle (ALB), Nutrien (NTR), DraftKings To Rally Around 38%? On September 11, 2018, the Eritrea-Ethiopia border re-opened for the first time since 1998. 3). The water supply for the project is proposed to be met through a pipeline connecting a water desalination plant located at Anfile Bay on the Red Sea coast. The above advantageous features combine to make Colluli the lowest-cost SOP producer outside of China (Fig. By clicking the Download Free Whitepaper button, you accept the terms and conditions and acknowledge that your data will be used as described in the Masdar City Free Zone privacy policy Danakali is set to sell its stake in its flagship Colluli potash project in Eritrea for US$121 million. I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article. Both are below. These circumstances have resulted in it becoming one of the most isolated states in the world. Colluli contains three potassium-bearing salts in solid form, namely. partnerships for the SDGs. Table 1. Colluli Mining Share Company secured 165m ($200m) of senior debt finance from the Africa Finance Corporation (AFC) and the African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) in August 2019. The report also identified how the mine could help Eritrea It also has access to solar, wind and geothermal energy systems the East African rift. Due to this change if you are seeing this message for the first time please make sure you reset your password using the Forgot your password Link. PowerMiningOil & Gas >, MiningIndustrial MineralsMajor Commodities, Lithium Americas starts construction at Thacker Pass lithium project, Advance Lithium, LitioMx in talks to establish joint venture, Jindalee unveils updated mineral resource estimate at Mcdermitt Lithium Project, Advertise with us Advertising enquiries: Roy Morris, roy.morris@progressivemediainternational.com, +44 (0) 20 7406 6613. In July, the Eritrean Ministry of Energy & Mines paved the way for construction to start at the project after accepting the Colluli Notice of Commencement of Mine Development. I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article. The Colluli project is located in the Danakil Depression region of Eritrea, East Africa, about 75 km from the Red Sea coast The Perth-based miner noted that despite covid-19 restrictions,. Fertilizer potash is needed in the sustainable production of grains, oilseeds, fruits, and vegetables. This is a report that was prepared by independent consultants and initiated and funded by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) on the potential contributions of Colluli to Eritrea's Sustainable Development Goals has been released. Potassium is one of three key fertiliser macro-nutrients essential for healthy soil and plant growth. Producer of The deposit stretches across the border into Ethiopia. Following the agreement, Collulis position as an economically attractive SOP greenfield development project has been reinforced. "In the beginning, things were fine, but gradually it became clear to President Isaias [Afwerki], who led the independence struggle for 30 years, that things were not going the way he expected them to," said Martin Plaut, the former Africa Editor of the BBCs World Service, in an interview in 2019. I think you should research about th e author. Eritrea has managed to fall out with and then mend fences with every one of its neighbouring countries. A Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) study confirmed an advanced stage and economically attractive Project. Eritrea one of the worlds most repressive and secretive states, known as the North Korea of Africa is poised to disrupt the global supply chain of fertiliser. The benefits of this means we generate cash flow much earlier and more predictably relative to solution mining or brine operations. 86% of retail CFD accounts lose money. The project, 50/50 owned by Australian mining company Danakali and the Eritrean Government, is rapidly progressing towards construction. Colluli is 75km from the Red Sea coast, providing unrivalled future logistics potential. A comparison of Colluli with vertically-integrated SOP producing competitors, from the same source as Fig. Danakali is developing the tier-1 Colluli potash project, Eritrea, which boasts the world's lowest costs and >200 years of mine life. The miner said it would use the remaining cash about $12 million to identify new projects and potential new alternative growth opportunities.. Net to Danakali's 50% interest, Module I is projected to generate NPV-10 of 242 million, on average delivering an undiscounted FCF of US$43 million per year, with a post-finance IRR of 29.7%; module I&II is projected to generate NPV-10 of 439 million, on average delivering an undiscounted FCF of US$85 million per year, with a post-finance IRR of 31.3% (Table 1). The project has now obtained all licenses and permits within the license area and has also been granted all required permits, licences and authorisations for infrastructure construction and development outside the Colluli mining license area. All primary production of potassium sulphate from kainitite worldwide commence with low potassium content brines, which require substantial solar evaporation to generate a harvest salt for subsequent processing. One-third of the country's GDP is made up of remittances sent home by Eritreans living in Europe and other developed countries. We use them to give you the best experience. This article lost credibility in characterizing the country of Eritrea as most oppressive regime. Shareholders are slated to . Potash supply has historically been controlled by production cartels, such as a German export monopoly in the early 1900s, the agreement strategies between German and French producers until 1939, and then oligopolistic competition prevailing on world markets (see here). Danakali reports that the Colluli Mining Share Company (CMSC) has appointed RA International Group as its preferred contractor for the supply of accommodation, support services and other infrastructure buildings in support of the Colluli sulphate of potash project development, in Eritrea. The border with Sudan was closed until early 2019 because relations were so bad. Status: Design. Open-cut solid salt mining beats underground solid salt mining, lacustrine brine, and playa brine in operating costs. The project is on the Eritrean side of the border, giving Colluli a significant advantage relative to the other potash development projects in the Danakil Depression, which need to ship from the Tadjoura Port in Djibouti over 790km by road from the closest project on the Ethiopian side of the border. View the original article here. .goog-te-banner-frame {display:none !important;} He is one of the world's most brutal and paranoid dictators and has repressed the population for many decades. We are confident in RA Internationals capabilities to deliver a high-quality product and service.. On the financial front, a key step was taken last month when Danakali, which has a 50-50 joint venture covering Colluli with the government of Eritrea, signed a $200 million funding mandate. Under the terms of the agreement, EuroChem will take, pay, market, and distribute up to 100% of the Colluli sites SOP fertiliser production over a 10-year term, from the Projects date of commissioning. The 600 person camp capacity is exclusive of camp services personnel, which will have an additional camp, provided by RA, located within the overall camp boundary. (MOP) and gypsum, along with rock salt. Analysis of the potential contribution of Colluli potash project to sustainable development goals in Eritrea. This long-lasting tension has led to Eritrea's militarisation. Anyone can write a book, as long as is a white person, you would buy it even a white homeless from NYC. The Danakil Depression is located in the Southern region of Eritrea and extends over 300km into Eastern Ethiopia. The Colluli project is located in the Danakil Depression region of Eritrea, East Africa, and is ~75km from the Red Sea coast, making it one of the most accessible potash deposits globally. Phase one involving an estimated capital investment of $298m is expected to produce 472,000 tonnes (t) a year of high-quality SOP, while in phase two, the mine is expected to produce up to 944,000t of SOP from year six of the project with an additional capital investment of $202m. AustraliasDanakali(ASX: DNK) is selling its 50% stake in the Colluli potash project in Eritrea, Africa, almost 13 years after partnering with the Eritrean National Mining Corporation (ENAMCO) to build the mine.Subject to conditions, the deal with Chinese company Sichuan Road and Bridge Group is expected to be finalized between March and May next year, leaving Danakali with $121 million cash, of which 90% will be distributed back to shareholders.The miner said it would use the remaining cash about $12 million to identify new projects and potential new alternative growth opportunities.The Colluli potash project is considered one of the worlds most significant and lowest-cost sources of sulphate of potash (SOP), a premium grade fertilizer.The project has the worlds largest JORC compliant reserve at 1.1 billion tonnes. The UN sanction was lifted by the UN in November 2018 under Resolution 2444, by the EU in the following month, and by the U.S. in May 2019. The FEED economic estimates, from the same source as Fig. My References:Danakali Ltd:https://www.danakali.com.au/ Interested in supporting this channel: Paypal: PayPal . Niels Wage, CEO of Danakali, said: "We are very pleased to announce the appointment of Aggreko as our single power provider. The Colluli potash project is a low-cost, long-life sulphate of potash (SOP) fertiliser project under development by the Colluli Mining Share Company, a 50-50 joint venture partnership between the Australian start-up Danakali and the Eritrean National Mining Corporation. On December 3, 2019, Africa Finance Corporation also agreed to make a US$50 million equity investment in two tranches at A$0.60 per Danakali share. The Colluli Potash Project (Project, Colluli ) is 100%. with the move towards diplomatic relations between the once feuding countries I have taken a starter position and plan to build a position of meaningful size in the next couple of years. What are my chances of getting my money back? Eritrea is an ancient civilisation dating back thousands of years and was inhabited by early humans. Fig. Over 100kg of Colluli product was tested at Ludman Industries in the USA for product compaction behaviour. 6. 6. 10). What are the best countries for cryptocurrency adoption? The project is estimated to have a net present value of $902m and an internal rate of return of 29.9%, according to the London Stock Exchange. The above mineral reserves support 215 years of SOP production at 944 Ktpa as envisaged in modules I and II development plan. The company has completed a front-end engineering design for the production of potassium sulphate, otherwise known as sulphate of potash or SOP. Fertiliser is a key component to ensure world food security in the future. Fig. the countrys GDP by 2021 and 50% of the nations exports by 2030, while Colluli has significant multi-commodity potential presenting major additional value upside. Since then, potash price has fallen from the neighborhood of US$600/t MOP to as low as USS$200/t MOP by 2017, and has since been fluctuating between US$200/t and US$270/t. <> He is an alone, he is DICTATORSHIP! function GTranslateFireEvent(element,event){try{if(document.createEventObject){var evt=document.createEventObject();element.fireEvent('on'+event,evt)}else{var evt=document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');evt.initEvent(event,true,true);element.dispatchEvent(evt)}}catch(e){}} The company expects to start full commercial production in mid-December 2022. The company expects to start full commercial production in mid-December 2022. Finance > M-a. According to the UNDP report entitled "Analysis of the potential contribution of Colluli potash project to sustainable development goals in Eritrea," Colluli is estimated to attract US$614 million of direct capital investment, generate 3% of Eritrean GDP once module I is up running, and account for 50% of Eritrean Exports by when module II is on stream. Danakali to cash out of Colluli. ,and the value is around 67,000.00 . Artists impression of the plant at the Colluli project. The Colluli Potash Project is located within the Danakil region of Eritrea, approximately 177km south-east of the capital city Asmara. Located in the Horn of Africa, prolonged periods of conflict and severe drought have had a catastrophic impact on the Eritrean economy and the country is one of the worlds poorest, with income per head estimated at $678 in 2022 (up from $501 in 2010). Phase one, involving an estimated capital investment of 220m ($298m), is expected to produce 472,000 tonnes per annum (tpa) of high-quality SOP, while in phase two, the mine is expected to produce up to 944,000tpa of SOP from year six of the project with an additional capital investment of 148m ($202m). Eritrea has one of the world's most brutal dictatorships, but could a huge potash mine be an economic game changer? The stock seems to be agitating for a breakout in recent weeks (Fig. To ensure this doesnt happen in the future, please enable Javascript and cookies in your browser. The Colluli potash project is considered one of the worlds most significant and lowest-cost sources of sulphate of potash (SOP), a premium grade fertilizer. It also contains other fertilizer products, such as muriate of potash (MOP) and gypsum, along with rock salt. Colluli is located in the Danakil Depression on the Eritrean side of the Eritrea-Ethiopia border, a barren desert area ideal for large mine operations (Fig. Colluli is owned by the Colluli Mining Share Company, a 50:50 joint venture with the Eritrean National Mining Company. Subject to conditions, the deal with Chinese company Sichuan Road and Bridge Group is expected to be finalized between March and May next year, leaving Danakali with $121 million cash, of which 90% will be distributed back to shareholders. Mineral & Phosphate Mining in the US industry outlook (2022-2027) poll Average industry growth 2022-2027: x.x lock Purchase this report or a membership to unlock the average company profit margin for this industry. There are 70 Subscribers monitoring this project. endobj The Colluli potash project also involves evaporation ponds, a run-of-mine (ROM) pad, a sewage treatment plant, fuel storage tanks, accommodation camp, workshops, warehouses, and a main administrative building. mine-life. Under the terms of the agreement, EuroChem will take, pay, market, and distribute up to 100% of the module I SOP production over a 10+3 year term from the project commissioning. It is strategically important as it has access to the Red Sea, the Suez Canal and to Europe, as well as to the waters of the Persian Gulf and beyond to the Indian Ocean. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed accused the Tigrayans of attacking a military camp and attempting to loot military assets. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. In June 2018, Danakali reached a binding take-or-pay offtake agreement with EuroChem Trading GmbH (EuroChem). In some cases, depending on the ambient conditions, this process can take over two years. 5). The company's strategy targets the development of a world-class potash project that will become pivotal for global and African agriculture. Mobile data does not exist. The open-cut, high-grade potash project is being developed by Colluli Mining Share Company (CMSC), a 50:50 joint venture partnership between Australias Danakali and Eritrean National Mining Corporation (ENAMCO). Select LanguageChinese (Simplified)EnglishGerman The government will benefit from the longer-term A pre-feasibility study was completed in February 2015, followed by the completion of a definitive feasibility study in November 2015, while the mining licence was granted in February 2017. Commonly, Potash refers to Potassium Chloride or Muriate of Potash (MOP), however, a number of other potash variants exist with premium potash types containing micro-nutrients as well as macro nutrients such as potassium sulphate, potassium magnesium sulphate and potassium nitrate. After all considerations and government taxes, Danakali said it expects to receive approximately $121m. Colluli, which Danakali shares with the Eritrean National Mining Corporation, is scoped to produce 472,000 tons a year of potash in sulphate (SOP) in its first phase before scaling up to second phase production of 944,000 tons annually. Potash is an important fertiliser. It also said that all vendor and contractor packages have now been received. Sadly, Eritrea looks set to remain a failed state as long as he is in office. 1 0 obj It is actually resistant to the wests oppression in the most pure sense of the term. The Australian company Danakali is developing the Colluli potash project in Eritrea and expects to bring it into production in 2022. The stock chart of Danakali, modified from this source. The mineralization in the Colluli deposit starts at just 16m, making it the shallowest known potash deposit in the world, and thus amenable to low-cost, open-cut mining. Economic resources for Sulphate of Potash (SOP) production are scarce, and Colluli is favourably positioned to supply the worlds fastest-growing SOP markets. Danakali, currently undervalued and standing for a massive re-rating upon the first production, should be considered by risk-tolerant investors with a long time horizon. 4 0 obj According to Reporters Without Borders, only North Korea has less press freedom. Danakali Lmited is selling share to China. The asset has the potential to produce other fertilizer Eritrea has a command economy under the control of the sole political party, the People's Front for Democracy and Justice, led by Afwerki. Colluli is located in the Danakil Depression region of Eritrea and is approximately 230km by road south-east of the port of Massawa, which is Eritreas key import/export facility. 2023 Glacier Media Group, All Rights Reserved, selling its 50% stake in the Colluli potash project, Botswana mining growth seen flat amid dim diamond outlook, Harmony Gold CEO says gold sector consolidation inevitable, BHP seeks to tighten grip on South Americas copper sector, Quest for worlds biggest diamonds gives De Beers a headache, https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2021/country-chapters/eritrea, https://www.dandc.eu/en/article/how-government-eritrea-became-one-worlds-most-repressive-regimes, https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/understanding-eritrea-2/, Canada injects $75 million into BHPs Jansen potash mine, Russia raises fertilizer export quota by 500,000 tonnes, World to face potash price crunchas Brazil Potash propels Autazes project toward production, Europes largest rare earths deposit found in Sweden.